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作者:Albert.Wen  添加时间:2012-05-12 15:25:01  修改时间:2024-03-30 22:50:52  分类:PHP基础  编辑

PHP 是目前使用最广泛的基于 Web 的编程语言,驱动着数以百万计的网站,其中也包括如 Facebook 等一些大型站点。这里收集了 21个日常开发中实用便捷的 PHP 代码,希望可以对一些 PHP 开发者都会有所帮助。

1. 可阅读随机字符串

此代码将创建一个可阅读的字符串,使其更接近词典中的单词,实用且具有密码验证功能。

<?php
/**
 * @param length - length of random string (must be a multiple of 2)
 */
function readable_random_string($length = 6) {
	$conso = array("b","c","d","f","g","h","j","k","l","m","n","p","r","s","t","v","w","x","y","z");
	$vocal = array("a","e","i","o","u");
	$password = "";
	srand ((double)microtime()*1000000);
	$max = $length/2;
	for ($i=1; $i<=$max; $i++) {
		$password.=$conso[rand(0,19)];
		$password.=$vocal[rand(0,4)];
	}

	return $password;
}
?>

2. 生成一个随机字符串

如果不需要可阅读的字符串,使用此函数替代,即可创建一个随机字符串,作为用户的随机密码等。

<?php
/**
 *@param $l - length of random string
 */
function generate_rand($l) {
	$c= "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789";
	srand((double)microtime()*1000000);
	for ($i=0; $i<$l; $i++) {
		$rand.= $c[rand()%strlen($c)];
	}
	return $rand;
}
?>

3. 编码电子邮件地址

使用此代码,可以将任何电子邮件地址编码为 HTML 字符实体,以防止被垃圾邮件程序收集。

<?php
function encode_email($email = 'info@domain.com', $linkText = 'Contact Us', $attrs = 'class="emailencoder"') {
	// remplazar aroba y puntos
	$email = str_replace('@', '@', $email);
	$email = str_replace('.', '.', $email);
	$email = str_split($email, 5);

	$linkText = str_replace('@', '@', $linkText);
	$linkText = str_replace('.', '.', $linkText);
	$linkText = str_split($linkText, 5);

	$part1 = '<a href="ma';
	$part2 = 'ilto:';
	$part3 = '" '. $attrs .' >';
	$part4 = '</a>';

	$encoded = '<script type="text/javascript">';
	$encoded .= "document.write('$part1');";
	$encoded .= "document.write('$part2');";
	foreach ($email as $e) {
		$encoded .= "document.write('$e');";
	}
	$encoded .= "document.write('$part3');";
	foreach ($linkText as $l) {
		$encoded .= "document.write('$l');";
	}
	$encoded .= "document.write('$part4');";
	$encoded .= '</script>';

	return $encoded;
}
?>

4. 验证邮件地址

电子邮件验证也许是中最常用的网页表单验证,此代码除了验证电子邮件地址,也可以选择检查邮件域所属 DNS 中的 MX 记录,使邮件验证功能更加强大。

<?php
function is_valid_email($email, $test_mx = false) {
	if (eregi("^([_a-z0-9-]+)(.[_a-z0-9-]+)*@([a-z0-9-]+)(.[a-z0-9-]+)*(.[a-z]{2,4})$", $email)) {
		if ($test_mx) {
			list($username, $domain) = split("@", $email);
			return getmxrr($domain, $mxrecords);
		} else {
			return TRUE;
		}
	} else {
		return FALSE;
	}
}
?>

5. 列出目录内容

<?php
function list_files($dir) {
	if (is_dir($dir)) {
		if ($handle = opendir($dir)) {
			while (($file = readdir($handle)) !== FALSE) {
				if ($file != "." && $file != ".." && $file != "Thumbs.db") {
					echo '<a target="_blank" href="' . $dir . $file . '">' . $file . '</a><br />' . "
";
				}
			}
			closedir($handle);
		}
	}
}
?>

6. 删除目录

删除一个目录,包括它的内容。

<?php
/**
 *@param $dir - Directory to destroy
 *@param $virtual[optional]- whether a virtual directory
 */
function destroyDir($dir, $virtual = FALSE) {
	$ds = DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR;
	$dir = $virtual ? realpath($dir) : $dir;
	$dir = substr($dir, -1) == $ds ? substr($dir, 0, -1) : $dir; // 去掉尾部的文件夹分隔符
	if (is_dir($dir) && $handle = opendir($dir)) {
		while ($file = readdir($handle)) {
			if ($file == '.' || $file == '..') {
				continue;
			} else if (is_dir($dir . $ds . $file)) {
				destroyDir($dir . $ds . $file);
			} else {
				unlink($dir . $ds . $file);
			}
		}
		closedir($handle);
		rmdir($dir);
		return TRUE;
	} else {
		return FALSE;
	}
}
?>

7. 解析 JSON 数据

与大多数流行的 Web 服务如 Twitter 通过开放 API 来提供数据一样,它总是能够知道如何解析 API 数据的各种传送格式,包括 JSON,XML 等等。

<?php
	$json_string = '{"id":1,"name":"foo","email":"foo@foobar.com","interest":["wordpress","php"]} ';
	$obj = json_decode($json_string);
	echo $obj->name; //prints foo
	echo $obj->interest[1]; //prints php
?>

8. 解析 XML 数据

<?php
	//xml string
	$xml_string="<?xml version='1.0'?>
	<users>
		<user id='398'>
			<name>Foo</name>
			<email>foo@bar.com</name>
		</user>
		<user id='867'>
			<name>Foobar</name>
			<email>foobar@foo.com</name>
		</user>
	</users>";

	//load the xml string using simplexml
	$xml = simplexml_load_string($xml_string);

	//loop through the each node of user
	foreach ($xml->user as $user) {

		//access attribute
		echo $user['id'], '  ';

		//subnodes are accessed by -> operator
		echo $user->name, '  ';
		echo $user->email, '<br />';
	}
?>

9. 创建日志缩略名

创建用户友好的日志缩略名。

<?php
function create_slug($string) {
	$slug = preg_replace('/[^A-Za-z0-9-]+/', '-', $string);
	return $slug;
}
?>

10. 获取客户端真实 IP 地址

该函数将获取用户的真实 IP 地址,即便他使用代理服务器。

<?php
function getRealIpAddr() {
	if (!emptyempty($_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP'])) {
		$ip=$_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP'];
	} elseif (!emptyempty($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'])) { //to check ip is pass from proxy
		$ip=$_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'];
	} else {
		$ip=$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
	}

	return $ip;
}
?>

11. 强制性文件下载

为用户提供强制性的文件下载功能。

<?php
/**
 *@param $file - path to file
 */
function force_download($file) {
	if ((isset($file)) && (file_exists($file))) {
		header("Content-length: " . filesize($file));
		header('Content-Type: application/octet-stream');
		header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="' . $file . '"');
		readfile("$file");
	} else {
		echo "No file selected";
	}
}
?>

12. 创建标签云

<?php
function getCloud( $data = array(), $minFontSize = 12, $maxFontSize = 30 ) {
	$minimumCount = min( array_values( $data ) );
	$maximumCount = max( array_values( $data ) );
	$spread = $maximumCount - $minimumCount;
	$cloudHTML = '';
	$cloudTags = array();

	$spread == 0 && $spread = 1; // 假如等于0,则强制为1

	foreach ($data as $tag => $count) {
		$size = $minFontSize + ( $count - $minimumCount ) * ( $maxFontSize - $minFontSize ) / $spread;
		$cloudTags[] = '<a style="font-size: ' . floor( $size ) . 'px'
		. '" href="#" title="'' . $tag  .
		'' returned a count of ' . $count . '">'
		. htmlspecialchars( stripslashes( $tag ) ) . '</a>';
	}

	return join( "
", $cloudTags ) . "
";
}
/**************************
 *** Sample usage
 *************************/
$arr = array('Actionscript' => 35, 'Adobe' => 22, 'Array' => 44, 'Background' => 43,
	'Blur' => 18, 'Canvas' => 33, 'Class' => 15, 'Color Palette' => 11, 'Crop' => 42,
	'Delimiter' => 13, 'Depth' => 34, 'Design' => 8, 'Encode' => 12, 'Encryption' => 30,
	'Extract' => 28, 'Filters' => 42);
echo getCloud($arr, 12, 36);
?>

 13. 寻找两个字符串的相似性

PHP 提供了一个极少使用的 similar_text 函数,但此函数非常有用,用于比较两个字符串并返回相似程度的百分比。

<?php
	similar_text($string1, $string2, $percent);
	//$percent will have the percentage of similarity
?>

 14. 在应用程序中使用 Gravatar 通用头像

随着 WordPress 越来越普及,Gravatar 也随之流行。由于 Gravatar 提供了易于使用的 API,将其纳入应用程序也变得十分方便。

<?php
	/**
	 * @param $email - Email address to show gravatar for
	 * @param $size - size of gravatar
	 * @param $default - URL of default gravatar to use
	 * @param $rating - rating of Gravatar(G, PG, R, X)
	 */
	function show_gravatar($email, $size, $default, $rating) {
		echo '<img src="http://www.gravatar.com/avatar.php?gravatar_id=' . md5($email) .
			'&default=' . $default . '&size=' . $size . '&rating=' . $rating . '" width="' . $size . 'px"
			height="' . $size . 'px" />';
	}
?>

 15. 在字符断点处截断文字

所谓断字 (word break),即一个单词可在转行时断开的地方。这一函数将在断字处截断字符串。

<?php
	// Original PHP code by Chirp Internet: www.chirp.com.au
	// Please acknowledge use of this code by including this header.
	function myTruncate($string, $limit, $break=".", $pad="...") {
		// return with no change if string is shorter than $limit
		if (strlen($string) <= $limit) {
			return $string;
		}

		// is $break present between $limit and the end of the string?
		if (FALSE !== ($breakpoint = strpos($string, $break, $limit))) {
			if ($breakpoint < strlen($string) - 1) {
				$string = substr($string, 0, $breakpoint) . $pad;
			}
		}

		return $string;
	}

	/***** Example ****/
	$short_string=myTruncate($long_string, 100, ' ');
?>

 16. 文件 Zip 压缩

<?php
/* creates a compressed zip file */
function create_zip($files = array(),$destination = '',$overwrite = false) {

	//if the zip file already exists and overwrite is false, return false
	if (file_exists($destination) && !$overwrite) {
		return false;
	}

	//vars
	$valid_files = array();
	//if files were passed in...
	if (is_array($files)) {

		//cycle through each file
		foreach ($files as $file) {
			//make sure the file exists
			if (file_exists($file)) {
				$valid_files[] = $file;
			}
		}
	}

	//if we have good files...
	if (count($valid_files)) {
		//create the archive
		$zip = new ZipArchive();
		if ($zip->open($destination,$overwrite ? ZIPARCHIVE::OVERWRITE : ZIPARCHIVE::CREATE) !== true) {
			return false;
		}
		//add the files
		foreach ($valid_files as $file) {
			$zip->addFile($file,$file);
		}
		//debug
		//echo 'The zip archive contains ',$zip->numFiles,' files with a status of ',$zip->status;

		//close the zip -- done!
		$zip->close();

		//check to make sure the file exists
		return file_exists($destination);
	} else {
		return false;
	}
}

/***** Example Usage ***/
$files = array('file1.jpg', 'file2.jpg', 'file3.gif');
create_zip($files, 'myzipfile.zip', true);
?>

17. 解压缩 Zip 文件

<?php
/**
 * @param $file - path to zip file
 * @parm $destination - destination directory for unzipped files
 */
function unzip_file($file, $destination) {
	// create object
	$zip = new ZipArchive() ;
	// open archive
	if ($zip->open($file) !== TRUE) {
		die ('Could not open archive');
	}
	// extract contents to destination directory
	$zip->extractTo($destination);
	// close archive
	$zip->close();
	echo 'Archive extracted to directory';
}
?>

18. 为 URL 地址预设 http 字符串

有时需要接受一些表单中的网址输入,但用户很少添加 http:// 字段,此代码将为网址添加该字段。

<?php
if (!preg_match("/^(http|ftp):/", $_POST['url'])) {
	$_POST['url'] = 'http://' . $_POST['url'];
}
?>

19. 将网址字符串转换成超级链接

该函数将 URL 和 E-mail 地址字符串转换为可点击的超级链接。

<?php
function makeClickableLinks($text) {
	$text = eregi_replace('(((f|ht){1}tp://)[-a-zA-Z0-9@:%_+.~#?&//=]+)', '<a href="1">1</a>', $text);
	$text = eregi_replace('([[:space:]()[{}])(www.[-a-zA-Z0-9@:%_+.~#?&//=]+)', '1<a href="http://2">2</a>', $text);
	$text = eregi_replace('([_.0-9a-z-]+@([0-9a-z][0-9a-z-]+.)+[a-z]{2,3})', '<a href="mailto:1">1</a>', $text);

	return $text;
}
?>

20. 调整图像尺寸

创建图像缩略图需要许多时间,此代码将有助于了解缩略图的逻辑。

<?php
/**
 * @param $filename - path to the image
 * @param $tmpname - temporary path to thumbnail
 * @parm $xmax - max width
 * @param $ymax - max height
 */
function resize_image($filename, $tmpname, $xmax, $ymax) {
	$ext = explode(".", $filename);
	$ext = $ext[count($ext)-1];

	if ($ext == "jpg" || $ext == "jpeg") {
		$im = imagecreatefromjpeg($tmpname);
	} else if ($ext == "png") {
		$im = imagecreatefrompng($tmpname);
	} else if ($ext == "gif") {
		$im = imagecreatefromgif($tmpname);
	}
	$x = imagesx($im);
	$y = imagesy($im);
	if ($x <= $xmax && $y <= $ymax) {
		return $im;
	}

	if ($x >= $y) {
		$newx = $xmax;
		$newy = $newx * $y / $x;
	} else {
		$newy = $ymax;
		$newx = $x / $y * $newy;
	}

	$im2 = imagecreatetruecolor($newx, $newy);
	imagecopyresized($im2, $im, 0, 0, 0, 0, floor($newx), floor($newy), $x, $y);

	return $im2;
}
?>

 21. 检测 Ajax 请求

大多数的 JavaScript 框架如 jQuery,Mootools 等,在发出 Ajax 请求时,都会发送额外的 HTTP_X_REQUESTED_WITH 头部信息,头当他们一个ajax请求,因此你可以在服务器端侦测到 Ajax 请求。

<?php
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_X_REQUESTED_WITH']) && strtolower($_SERVER['HTTP_X_REQUESTED_WITH']) == 'xmlhttprequest'){
	//If AJAX Request Then
} else {
	//something else
}
?>

 

英文原稿:21 Really Useful & Handy PHP Code Snippets