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计算原理：根据勾股定理算两个坐标直线距离

java版本

package com.application.util;

/**
 * 地图坐标距离计算
 *
 */
public class LocationUtils {
    private static double EARTH_RADIUS = 6378.137;

    private static double rad(double d) {
        return d * Math.PI / 180.0;
    }

    /**
     * 通过经纬度获取距离(单位：米)
     * @param lng1 经度1
     * @param lat1 纬度1
     * @param lng2 经度2
     * @param lat2 纬度2
     * @return
     */
    public static double getDistance(double lng1, double lat1, double lng2,
                                     double lat2) {
        double radLat1 = rad(lat1);
        double radLat2 = rad(lat2);
        double a = radLat1 - radLat2;
        double b = rad(lng1) - rad(lng2);
        double s = 2 * Math.asin(Math.sqrt(Math.pow(Math.sin(a / 2), 2)
                + Math.cos(radLat1) * Math.cos(radLat2)
                * Math.pow(Math.sin(b / 2), 2)));
        s = s * EARTH_RADIUS;
        s = Math.round(s * 10000d) / 10000d;
        s = s*1000;
        return s;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args){
        double lng1 = 116.434395;
        double lat1 = 39.862268;
        double lng2 = 116.434651;
        double lat2 = 39.862542;
        double distance = getDistance(lng1,lat1,lng2,lat2);
        System.out.println("distanc:"+distance);
    }
}

sql版本

SELECT
    *, ROUND(
        6378.138 * 2 * ASIN(
            SQRT(
                POW(
                    SIN(
                        (
                            39.862542 * PI() / 180 - y_latitude * PI() / 180
                        ) / 2
                    ),
                    2
                ) + COS(39.862542 * PI() / 180) * COS(y_latitude * PI() / 180) * POW(
                    SIN(
                        (
                            116.434651 * PI() / 180 - x_longitude * PI() / 180
                        ) / 2
                    ),
                    2
                )
            )
        ) * 1000
    ) AS juli
FROM
    t_organ
ORDER BY
    juli ASC

延伸阅读：

MYSQL保存经纬度数据类型

参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/jiafuwei/p/5699091.html