一、@Lazy的简介
@Lazy注解用于标识bean是否需要延迟加载。
@Target({ElementType.TYPE, ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.CONSTRUCTOR, ElementType.PARAMETER, ElementType.FIELD}) @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) @Documented public @interface Lazy { /** * Whether lazy initialization should occur. */ boolean value() default true; }
查看注解源码可知,只有一个参数,默认为true,即添加该注解的bean对象就会延迟初始化。
二、 @Lazy的使用
1 准备一个SpringBoot环境
2 准备两个实体类对象
@Data @NoArgsConstructor public class User { private String name; private String phone; private Integer age; private Person person; public User(String name, String phone, Integer age) { System.out.println("我User被初始化了............."); this.name = name; this.phone = phone; this.age = age; } }
@Data @NoArgsConstructor public class Person { private String name; private String phone; private Integer age; private User user; public Person(String name, String phone, Integer age) { System.out.println("我Person被初始化了............."); this.name = name; this.phone = phone; this.age = age; } }
3 添加启动类
@SpringBootApplication public class Application { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args); } @Bean public User createUser() { return new User("韩宣生", "11111", 24); } @Bean @Lazy public Person createPerson() { return new Person("韩立", "11111", 24); } }
4 测试查看控制台
我User被初始化了.............
5 去掉Person上的 @Lazy注解,重启项目
我User被初始化了............. 我Person被初始化了.............
三、 @Lazy的作用
1、延迟加载bean对象(如上案列)
2、解决循环依赖问题
(1) 添加两个配置类
@Component public class PersonConfig { private UserConfig userConfig; public PersonConfig( UserConfig userConfig) { this.userConfig = userConfig; System.out.println("我是用户配置 PersonConfig"); } }
@Component public class UserConfig { private PersonConfig personConfig; public UserConfig(PersonConfig personConfig) { this.personConfig = personConfig; System.out.println("我是用户配置 UserConfig"); } }
(2) 重启项目, 项目报错,代码中存在循环依赖
Description: The dependencies of some of the beans in the application context form a cycle:
解决办法,给其中一个添加@Lazy注解,如
@Component public class PersonConfig { private UserConfig userConfig; public PersonConfig(@Lazy UserConfig userConfig) { this.userConfig = userConfig; System.out.println("我是用户配置 PersonConfig"); } }
(3) 重启项目,查看日志
我是用户配置 PersonConfig 我是用户配置 UserConfig
四、错误总结
1 在项目启动过程中,遇到异常错误
'url' attribute is not specified and no embedded datasource could be configue
解决方法:是项目没有将application.yml配置文件加载。点击maven中clean一下项目,重启项目即可。
摘自:https://blog.csdn.net/ABestRookie/article/details/120980987